NTT模版
cpp
struct NTT {
const int MOD = 998244353, G = 3, GI = 332748118;
int qpow(int a, int b) {
int res = 1;
a %= MOD;
while (b > 0) {
if (b & 1) res = res * a % MOD;
a = a * a % MOD;
b >>= 1;
}
return res;
}
void transform(vector<int>& a, bool inv) {
int n = a.size();
for (int i = 1, j = 0; i < n; i++) {
int bit = n >> 1;
for (; j & bit; bit >>= 1) j ^= bit;
j ^= bit;
if (i < j) swap(a[i], a[j]);
}
for (int len = 2; len <= n; len <<= 1) {
int w = qpow(inv ? GI : G, (MOD - 1) / len);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i += len) {
int wn = 1;
for (int j = 0; j < len / 2; j++) {
int u = a[i + j], v = a[i + j + len / 2] * wn % MOD;
a[i + j] = (u + v) % MOD;
a[i + j + len / 2] = (u - v + MOD) % MOD;
wn = wn * w % MOD;
}
}
}
if (inv) {
int n_inv = qpow(n, MOD - 2);
for (int& x : a) x = x * n_inv % MOD;
}
}
// 返回 a、b 两个多项式的卷积(系数表示)
vector<int> multiply(vector<int> a, vector<int> b) {
int tot = a.size() + b.size() - 1, sz = 1;
while (sz < tot) sz <<= 1;
a.resize(sz);
b.resize(sz);
transform(a, false);
transform(b, false);
for (int i = 0; i < sz; i++) a[i] = a[i] * b[i] % MOD;
transform(a, true);
a.resize(tot);
return a;
}
};